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  Annual Review 2008 Extended Edition




 




"We should all be concerned about the future because we will have to spend the rest of our lives there."
(Charles F.Kettering)

pvresources Annual Review 2008 now available


Annual Review 2008 Free Edition Annual Review 2008 Free Edition Annual Review 2008 Free Edition Annual Review 2008 Free Edition



Annual Review 2008 Free Edition is available as pdf file (5 MB).

Extended Edition (100 pages) is available as pdf file on CD
ISBN 978-961-245-739-6 and can be purchased online here.

Price for the Report (100 pages) is 198,00 Euro including VAT and postage worldwide.

Annual Review 2008 Free Edition is available as pdf file (5 MB). Annual Review 2008 Extended Edition (100 pages) is available as pdf file on CD - ISBN 978-961-245-739-6.

In 2009 large scale PV plants with cumulative power more that 1,3 GWp were connected to the grid. Market of the year was Germany with about 600 MWp new power capacity installed followed by Italy (about 200 MWp), the USA and the Czech Republic. Some other EU countries (Belgium, France, Greece, Bulgaria) also increased cumulative power capacity. Among asian countries it is worth to mention China with several large scale PV power plants put into service.

Detailed overview and description of world's largest photovoltaic (solar electric) installations is available here. 1000 photovoltaic plants are included in the list - power range spans from 1.2 MWp to 60 MWp. Cumulative power of photovoltaic systems presented here is more than 4300 MWp and increases very fast.  

Solarserver

Aktuelle Solar-Nachrichten des Internetportals www.solarserver.de.

Solar News Aktuell: Solar-Nachrichten des Internetportals Der Solarserver
Dieses Dokument enthält Teaser auf alle Meldungen der aktuellen Homepage in der HTML-Variante.

Applied Materials erweitert Kapazität für Flachbildschirm- und Photovoltaik-P...
Applied Materials, Inc. (Santa Clara, Kalifornien), Hersteller und Anbieter von Anlagen für die Halbleiter-, Flachbildschirm- und Photovoltaik-Industrie, meldete die Neueröffnung eines erweiterten Produktionsbetriebs in Tainan (Taiwan). Der fast 15.000 m2 große Betrieb ermögliche Applied Materials, seine Kunden in Asien noch besser mit Equipment...

Photovoltaik in Griechenland: RSEnergy Hellas Solartechnik EPE errichtet eine...
RSEnergy Hellas Solartechnik EPE, ein führender Projektentwickler in Griechenland, kündigt die Errichtung einer Photovoltaik-Freiflächenanlage mit einer Nennleistung von zwei Megawatt (MWp) in Theben (Griechenland) an. Das Vorhaben soll im Sommer 2010 für den privaten Investor Nea Elektra Α.Β.Ε.Ε. als Teil einer zukunftsorientierten Solar-Invest...

Solarthermie: "Kesseltauschbonus" für neue Heizungen wird verlängert
Laut einer Pressemitteilung des Solar-Heizsystemherstellers Solvis GmbH & Co KG wird der Ende 2009 eingestellte "Kesseltauschbonus" verlängert. Hausbesitzer, die sich eine moderne Solar-Heizung anschaffen, könnten ab sofort wieder einen Zuschuss vom Staat erhalten. Helmut Jäger, Geschäftsführer von Solvis, begrüßt die Neuauflage des Förderprogra...

Energiespeicher-Technologien: Heliocentris gewinnt Auftrag in Saudi-Arabien
Die Heliocentris Fuel Cells AG (Berlin), Spezialist für umweltfreundliche Energiespeicherlösungen, meldet einen weiteren Auftrag zur Lieferung einer autarken Stromversorgungslösung für Labors der King Saud University (Riad), einer der angesehensten Universitäten in Saudi-Arabien. "Mit dem Projekt aus Saudi-Arabien gewinnen wir bereits den dritte...

Bislang größter Photovoltaik-Rahmenvertrag für Siemens in Europa
Siemens Energy und der norwegische Energieversorger Statkraft haben einen Vertrag über den Bau von Solarstrom-Anlagen in Italien unterzeichnet. Mit einer Gesamtleistung von 40 Megawatt (MW) sei dies der bislang größte Photovoltaik-Rahmenvertrag, den Siemens in Europa erhalten hat, berichtet das Unternehmen in einer Pressemitteilung. Siemens über...

Photovoltaik-Unternehmen Q-Cells: Vorstandsvorsitzender Milner tritt zurück; ...
In seiner Sitzung vom 11.03.2010 hat der Aufsichtsrat der Q-Cells SE den Rücktritt des bisherigen Vorstandsvorsitzenden Anton Milner entgegengenommen. Anton Milner wird mit sofortiger Wirkung aus dem Vorstand ausscheiden, stehe dem Unternehmen aber weiterhin als Berater zur Verfügung, berichtet Q-Cells in einer Pressemitteilung. Nedim Cen, berei...

Solare Kühlung ist marktreif: Bundesumweltministerium fördert Praxistest sola...
Klimatisieren mit der Kraft der Sonne? Was zunächst paradox klingt ist aus technologischer Sicht heute machbar. Durch die Kombination von Solarthermie und Adsorptionstechnologie kann aus Wärme für die Kühlung von Gebäuden Kälte gewonnen werden. Das Bundesministerium für Umwelt, Naturschutz und Reaktorsicherheit (BMU) fördert jetzt einen breit an...

First Solar schließt Vertrag mit PG&E über Solarstrom aus 300 MW-Photovoltaik-...
First Solar, Inc. (Tempe, Arizona) meldete am 09.03.2010 den Abschluss einer Strombezugsvereinbarung mit der Pacific Gas and Electric Company (PG&E, San Francisco, Kalifornien, USA). Das Unternehmen werde PG&E mit Solarstrom aus einem Photovoltaik-Kraftwerk mit einer Nennleistung von 300 Megawatt (MW) versorgen, das First Solar in Südkalifornien ...

Photovoltaik-Projektentwickler COLEXON verstärkt sein USA-Engagement
Die COLEXON AG (Hamburg), einer der führenden Projektentwickler und Betreiber ertragsstarker Solarkraftwerke, gibt einen neuen Erfolg im US-amerikanischen Solarmarkt bekannt. In Raleigh, North Carolina, realisierten die COLEXON-Ingenieure eine 255 kWp Solarstromanlage auf der Dachfläche eines Frischwassertanks. Ab sofort liefert dieser Tank der ...

Photovoltaik: Sputnik bringt neue Zentralwechselrichterserie auf den Markt
Die drei neuen Wechselrichter der "SolarMax"-TS-Serie haben Nennleistungen von 50, 80 und 100 Kilowatt und arbeiten im MPP-Bereich von 430 bis 800 Volt. Die Geräte sind sehr kompakt und besser gegen Schmutz geschützt als ihre Vorgängermodelle der SolarMax-C-Serie. Außerdem sei es Sputniks Entwicklern gelungen, den Europäischen Wirkungsgrad von 9...


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pv-tech.org

PV Tech - News
Your daily dose of Photovoltaic Technology Developments and Solar News

SMA Solar starts Ontario subsidiary, plans to build PV inverter factory in pr...
The lure of Ontario’s attractive subsidies, especially for firms with “local content,” has enticed another solar company to set up manufacturing and expand operations in the Canadian province. SMA Solar Technology has started a subsidiary for production, sales, and service in Ontario, with plans to invest €5-10 million for the buildout of a 500M...

Project Focus: SunEdison receives go-ahead for largest plant in Europe
SunEdison has received final approval from the Italian government to develop and construct what will be the largest solar power plant in Europe. The 72MW project will be based in Northeastern Italy, near the town of Rovigo.

Q-Cells CEO exits amid investor anxiety
Q-Cells chief executive officer Anton Milner has resigned with immediate effect amid fears of a 'loss of confidence' from the company's investors. The supervisory board met to discuss a management shake-up on March 11, at which point they accepted Milner's exit. Current CFO, Nedim Cen, will take over as CEO, holding both positions.

Project Focus: SunPower scores 200MW rooftop PV contract with Southern Califo...
The most ambitious rooftop solar initiative in the U.S. has taken a decidedly crystalline-silicon turn, as Southern California Edison has awarded a contract to SunPower to supply up to 200MW, or 80%, of the utility’s photovoltaic installation program. First Solar had won the contract to supply the first three projects with its CdTe thin-film pan...

Order Focus: OZZ Solar to buy 18MW of Satcon PV inverters for Ontario rooftop...
Satcon will deliver 78 of its PowerGate Plus inverters to rooftop PV developer OZZ Solar. The 18MW of units will be deployed on commercial rooftop projects across the province of Ontario, and will be fully compliant under the Ontario feed-in tariff (FIT) program launched in 2009.

Order Focus: Trina Solar to supply 25MW of PV modules to Essco in 2010
Trina Solar's subsidiary, Changzhou Trina Solar Energy, has signed a sales agreement with Essco Wholesale Electric (the southwest U.S. unit of electrical supplies distributor Sonepar) for the supply of 25MW of crystalline-silicon PV modules in 2010. In addition to the initial 25MW, the agreement has an option for another 4MW of modules to be sup...

First Solar secures 300MW power purchase agreement with PG&E
The 550MW Desert Sunlight project planned by First Solar in eastern Riverside County, California, looks to be set to go ahead now that a power purchase agreement with Pacific Gas and Electric (PG&E) has been signed for the remaining 300MW plant. First Solar had previously signed a 250MW supply deal with Southern California Edison for the Des...

Phoenix Solar posts record quarterly sales: Orders of ?296 million booked for...
Major systems integrator Phoenix Solar has reported fourth-quarter and full-year preliminary results, showing module sales increasing by almost 70% to more than 202MW in 2009. The company reported fourth-quarter revenue of €230.8 million, which was almost 50% of its full-year revenue of €473 million. Revenue in 2008 was €402.5 million. Phoenix S...

Prime Sun Power to sell 25MW plant in Italy
Prime Sun Power has signed a definitive agreement for the sale of a 25MW PV power plant in Italy. PSP receives interest for €12 million of strategic investments in the company from module suppliers; it is expected to generate gross revenues of over €100 million in 2010. This contract is the first to be signed under the terms of a signed fram...

Moser Baer achieves 7.3% module efficiency through its proprietary process
PV Technologies India Limited (PVTIL), a subsidiary of Moser Baer India Limited (MBIL), has successfully completed the testing and validation of a process that will enhance the stable efficiency of its single-junction amorphous-silicon thin-film module from 6% to 7.3%.


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pvresources.com Bookstore

In the bookstore you may find a selection of PV related books available on the market. Bookstore is organised into different categories to make your selection and search easy. In the Bookstore books in English and German language are available.


 



 

Aerial photography


Suravia S.A. fotografia aerea

Suravia S.A fotografia aerea, is a company specialized on aerial photography, authorized by the headquarter of civil aviation in Spain. With sophisticated equipment and more than 15 years of experience Suravia S.A. can offer the best quality in aerial photographic services. In recent years renewable energies represent main topic of Suravia's activities. Company, leader in the Spanish market, takes part in most representative projects related to renewable energies. More...
 

Planta Fotovoltaica Calvia, Mallorca, courtesy Suravia S.A.

Photovoltaic power plant Calvia, Mallorca
(courtesy: Suravia S.A.)
 

Solar radiation


focus solar

At Focus Solar, we master the art of solar resource estimation. That's the study of how much energy is provided by the sun under different weather conditions. The use of satellite earth observations has brought a whole new dimension to solar resource assessment. High resolution solar energy data are now available to solar system owners everywhere in the United States offering a wealth of new opportunities. It's now possible to monitor solar systems from space and to spot microclimates on high-resolution maps of solar energy.

More...    de usa es
 

Focus Solar Map, courtesy Focus Solar

Solar radiation in the USA
(courtesy: Focus Solar)
 

Solar electricity potential of European regions

Map published by the European Commission shows the photovoltaic solar energy potential of different parts of Europe. In addition the interactive on-line Photovoltaic Geographical Information System (PVGIS), developed by the Commission's in-house scientific service, DG Joint Research Centre, allows users to estimate solar energy performance at any given location in Europe. These tools are invaluable as the EU seeks to increase the share of renewable energies in its consumption to 20 % in 2020.

Map can be downloaded from PVGIS web site. With its continuous improvement and updates PVGIS (Photovoltaic Geographical Information System) web site is one of the best solar radiation resources for estimation of PV potential in Europe and Africa available on-line.

PVGIS PV potencial in Europe

PVGIS PV potencial in Africa

Source: PVGIS © European Communities, 2001-2008.

Solar Generation report

Solar Generation V - Greenpeace and EPIA are joining forces for the fifth time to publish a report on PV solar electricity: Solar Generation V. Apart from providing an overview of the current worldwide status of PV in terms of policy, technology and economics, Solar Generation contains credible scenarios which prove once again that PV is clearly on the way to becoming a well-established energy source in the coming decades; EPIA, Greenpeace, September 2008 (6000 kB).

Solar Generation V
 

REN21 Renewables Global Status Report

Renewables Global Status Report: Energy Transformation Continues Despite Economic Slowdown. The REN21 Renewables Global Status Report 2009, update shows that the fundamental transition of the world’s energy markets continue.

REN21

Electricity from renewables saved 2,8 billion USD in Germany in 2005

Comprehensive report available for free as pdf file was written by specialists from "Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt (DLR, Stuttgart)" and "Fraunhofer Institut für System- und Innovationsforschung (ISI, Karlsruhe)".

Highly recommended (german language only).

Read more... or download report as pdf file (337 kB).
 

Interesting milestones

50 years ago in 1960, Hoffman Electronics introduced solar cell with 14 % efficiency.
30 years ago in 1980, ARCO Solar was the first to produce photovoltaic modules with peak power of over 1 MW per year.
20 years ago in 1990, Energy Conversion Devices Inc. (ECD) and Canon Inc. established a joint company United Solar Systems Corporation for solar cells production. Siemens bought ARCO Solar and established Siemens Solar Industries. Solar Energy Research Institute (SERI) renamed to National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL).

More...
 

About web site

pvresources.com is an independent web site related to photovoltaic technnologies and applications. It was developed as non-commercial helpful information to serve teachers, students and others interested in photovoltaics. In the web site you will find many interesting information on photovoltaic technologies, systems, applications etc. In case you miss any information, I have provided various interesting links where you can look for information you want.

More...


 

Architectural highlights

Grass Valley Elementary School - What are the lessons we will give our children, and how will we communicate them? This simple but powerful idea inspires “The Science of Light,” a new solar art glass installation by Sarah Hall at Grass Valley Elementary School in Camas, Washington.

Grass Valley Elementary School, courtesy Sarah Hall

(picture courtesy Sarah Hall Studio)


This unique installation in the main stairwell windows of the school merges the ancient art of stained glass with cutting edge technology to produce a window that not only looks magnificent, but works for its living as well by gathering and using electricity in a visible and interactive way – as solar energy is gathered a glass spiral located in the stairwell is illuminated. Embedded in two panels are arrays of photovoltaic cells (thin silicon and metal squares that convert light into electricity). In this way the windows harvest energy from sunlight. The colours are warm and welcoming: the windows present solar energy to the students, staff and visitors in a joyful way. More...



Coney Island's Stillwell Avenue Terminal is the largest above-ground station in the New York City subway system. Glass and steel structure was designed using an innovative, panelized construction system of semi-transparent photovoltaic modules.

Picture courtesy:
Arnold Glas.

Stillwell Avenue Terminal, courtesy Glaswerke Arnold GmbH&Co.KG.

Interesting BIPV example is facade of a fashion house "ZARA" in Köln, Germany. "ZARA's" facade is a combination of natural stone, metal and BIPV integrated solar modules. 12 kW photovoltaic system consists of special solar glass and marine blue solar cells.

Picture courtesy Ingo Hagemann...

Fashion house "ZARA", courtesy Ingo Hagemann, Architekturbüro Hagemann

The International Solar Technology Awards are designed to acknowledge and recognise achievements in the production of solar technology.

The winners of the inaugural photovoltaics industry's Cell Awards were announced at a ceremony attended by the PV industry elite at the Intersolar exhibition on May 28th in Munich, Germany. Designed to acknowledge technical achievements in solar manufacturing, the Cell Awards attracted over 2,500 industry votes cast online during the three-week voting process.

Read more ...
 

Jobs & recruiting in solar industry

PVPEOPLE.net - is a contingency and retained recruiting firm specializing in the photovoltaic (PV) industry. We deliver top industry talent who has been confidentially located, qualified and reference checked. Key positions in manufacturing and research and development that we work on are process engineers, design engineers, materials and research scientists, engineering and operations managers, and Lean-Sigma/quality assurance engineers.

Other job opportunities:

Photon Magazine

RenComp

Translation services

Translation services for photovoltaics (spanish, dutch and german language) and simultaneously, consecutively and bilaterally interpretation (negotiations, conferences, guided tours, interviews, etc.

More...

GUNTHER Portfolio

The GUNTHER Portfolio offers short and interesting overviews about PV technologies, companies, industry developments etc.

Solar News - RenewableEnergyWorld.com
Renewable Energy News Headlines provided by RenewableEnergyWorld.com - the leading online publisher of renewable energy news and information world-wide.

PV Powered Inverters to be used with New Solar Panel Technology in Large Comm...
PV Powered, Inc., the innovation leader in solar inverter reliability, performance, and serviceability, announces that its commercial inverters have been installed in a new office building project in Lakewood, New Jer...

Solar Energy International PV Instructor Training back in its third year
SEI's Third Annual PV Instructor Training is in full swing in Paonia, Colo.

CUSTOMERS TALK ABOUT SOLAR FLEXRACK
It's one thing if a company brags about it's product, but it's something else when customers brag about it. At Solar FlexRack, we are very appreciative of the comments our customers have sent in about our service and ...

Aries Ingeniería y Sistemas consolidates the financing of its first solar the...
The achieved financing for the project rises to EUR 275 million. The technology developed by Aries positions the company as the standard of international efficiency in the development of concentrated solar pow...

SolarWall® PV/Thermal Technology Wins Renewable Energy World Award
Conserval Engineering has been awarded the 2009 Renewable Energy World Award for Best Building Integrated Renewable for their SolarWall® PV/Thermal (PV/T) technology installed at the new John Molson School of Business...

Why the utilities can't afford to ignore Concentrated Solar Power
CSP Today talks to Dr Fred Morse, Chairman, Utility-Scale Solar Power Division, U.S. Solar Energy Industries Association and speaker at the upcoming 4th Concentrated Solar Power Summit USA this June 24-25, about curre...

SCE Orders 200 MW of SunPower Panels
Southern California Edison (SCE) and SunPower Corp. have reached a deal for SunPower to provide 200 megawatts (MW) of solar panels to the utility, which plans to use them to cover 80% of the capacity needed for its so...

SMA To Launch Facility in Ontario
SMA Solar Technology AG this week announced plans to form a subsidiary in Canada. The company plans to invest between ?5 and 10 million initially and a site is expected to be chosen in the first half of 2010.

Trina Signs 25-MW Deal with Essco
Trina Solar Limited announced that its subsidiary, Changzhou Trina Solar Energy Co. Ltd., has signed a sales agreement with Essco Wholesale Electric Inc., a full-service commercial, utility and residential electric di...

Solar Power Inc. Gets US $24.7M in Recovery Zone Facility Bonds
Solar Power Inc. has received an initial commitment of US $24.7 million in Recovery Zone Facility Bonds (RZFB) by Sacramento County and is exploring plans to open a manufacturing facility within Sacramento County to b...


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Sun in old cultures

Stanford SOLAR Center offers comprehensive collection of information - sun in old cultures, ancient observatories, solar art and more. Recommended web site!
 

SOL4 - BIPV systems and passive buildings

SOL4 is an exemplary pilot project in a new semi-urban district for the sustainable construction of a working and living environment. The building complex serves as a business and training centre, as well as a centre of competence for advanced standards in ecological development, construction and workplace design. It is currently the largest passive solar office building in Austria. The skills and experience from a broad range of the project partners and associates were brought together in a common infrastructure and seminar programme for tenants. The resulting living and working environment includes relax areas and other social spaces. The technologies and design objectives implemented in the project sought to maximise "green" surfaces (e.g., green roof systems, open infiltration surfaces, etc.). Special attention was paid to using the latest developments of environmentally friendly construction materials as extensively as possible. The facility's energy management system optimises ventilation and air conditioning by means of a closed-loop heat distribution circuit with ground-coupled and ventilation heat exchangers. Passive cooling is enabled by concrete core activation in the panels of the roof construction. The grid-tied photovoltaic system provides electricity to cover the remaining energy demands of the mechanical systems. Finally, SOL4's overall ecological performance is being monitored and continually analysed with total quality assessment methods.

More...

SOL4, photo Thomas Kirschner, courtesy SOL4

SOL4 office building. Picture photo Thomas Kirschner, courtesy SOL4
 





 

Large-scale PV power plants

Detailed overwiev about PV power installed (only large scale PV power plants considered) in last ten years (1997-2007) you may find in "pvresources.com Annual Review 2008 Free Edition available as pdf file


Brief descriptions and some images of world's largest photovoltaic plants can you find if you follow the link. For each plant basic data is included - peak power, country, location, year of construction, GHG emission reduction data etc - if available of course. Pictures of some plants listed are also included.

In August 2009 RGE Energy AG officially started the construction of one of the world´s largestsolar energy plants. The Photovoltaic installation with a performance of 45.000 kWp will be built on a former military airfield in Köthen, Saxony-Anhalt, on 116 hectare undeveloped area which equals the size of 162 soccer pitches. Read more ...
 

Solarpark Köthen, courtesy RGE Energy

Köthen, location of 45 MWp PV power plant under construction
Picture courtesy: RGE Energy
 

Market expansion in the Czech Republic continues. Several large-scale PV power plants were put into service in 2009. Tracking concentrator PV power plants are not typical for central Europe - on the picture below 0,5 kW PV power plant Moravsky Krumlov.
 

Solarpark Moravsky Krumlov, courtesy Poulek Solar

Solarpark Moravsky Krumlov
Picture courtesy: Poulek Solar
 

Solarpark Lieberose, 53 MW, courtesy juwi Holding

Solarpark Lieberose under construction. With 53 MW peak power (when completed) currently the largest photovoltaic power plant under construction
Picture courtesy: juwi Holding
 

Aznalcollar power plant, 100 kWp, courtesy Suravia S.A:

Aznalcollar, photovoltaic power plants with 17 MW peak power constructed by different companies
Picture courtesy: Suravia S.A.
 

In 2008 first large scale PV plants were put into service in Greece.
 

Olympic power plant, 100 kWp, courtesy Compa Solar

100 kW Olympic power plant, located in Pieria, Greece. Picture courtesy Compa Solar
 

Lucainena de Las Torres, 23,2 MWp, courtesy MEPSOLAR AG

Lucainena de Las Torres (Almeria). 23,2 MW plant completed in summer 2008. Picture courtesy MEPSOLAR AG
 

Huerta Solar Benahadux (Almeria). 10,6 MW, courtesy esTCI S.L.

Huerta Solar Benahadux (Almeria). 10,6 MW plant completed in summer 2008, air photo. Picture courtesy esTCI S.L.

Huerta Solar Benahadux (Almeria). 10,6 MW, courtesy esTCI S.L.

Huerta Solar Benahadux (Almeria). 10,6 MW plant completed in summer 2008. Picture courtesy esTCI S.L.
 

Maccaferi Group, roof mounted system, courtesy Mitsubishi Electric

Maccaferri Industrial Group, one of the largest roof mounted systems in Italy put into service in 2008. Picture courtesy Mitsubishi Electric
 

Fort Carson, CO, 2 MWp, courtesy SunTechnics

U.S. Army site, Fort Carson, CO. 2 MW plant completed in December 2007. Picture courtesy SunTechnics
 

Solarpark Lobosillo, 12,7 MWp, courtesy Ecostream

Solarpark Lobosillo. Picture courtesy Ecostream
 

Concentrator PV

Some large-scale concentrator PV power plants were also installed in recent years. One example of small scale concentrator PV power plants is presented on the picture below.

Concentrator PV, copyright WS-Energia

In 2008-2009, WS Energia installed about 736 kW of solar concentrators, divided in more than 200 installations, all over Portugal. Each grid connected system has a power of 3,7 kW. More ...

Picture source/copyright:
WS-Energia
 

The most attractive

One of the most attractive european photovoltaic systems is probably Akademie Mont Cenis in Herne, Germany. Wooden structure covered with glass and transparent photovoltaic modules is unique sollution build on revitalised former coal mine in northern Germany

Akademie-du-Mont-Cenis Herne, Germany, copyright Flabeg

"Akademie-du-Mont-Cenis", Herne, Germany.
Picture source/copyright:
Flabeg-Solar
 

Floriade exhibition hall, the Netherlands. Roof integrated photovoltaic system with transparent modules. Detailed description of Floriade system can be found here (pdf file courtesy of Siemens Nederland N.V.).

More about bipv applications...

Pictures courtesy Bram Vorster...

Floriade, courtesy Bram Vorster

Floriade, courtesy Bram Vorster

The highest located plants

World's highest located grid-connected system is located on Jungfraujoch mountain in Switzerland - 3545 m above the sea level.

In 2005 PV plant Jungfraujoch (effective peak power 1.13 kWp, 3454 m above sea level), which was erected in 1993 by the PV laboratory of the Berne School of Engineering and Information technology, has established a new record for normalised annual energy production in 2005. Despite a line interruption of one day (23.8.2005) in the valley, in 2005 1537 kWh/kWp were produced with a winter energy fraction of 48.5%. Thus the old record dating from 1997 (1504 kWh/kWp) was trespassed considerably. Without the line interruption, in 2005 the production would have been even 1540 kWh/kWp. In the average of 1993 to 2005, PV plant Jungfraujoch has produced 1407 kWh/kWp with a winter energy fraction of 46.3%.

You may find more details about the plant on the page where world's highest located grid-connected system are described, or on the web site of PV-Labor der Hochschule für Technik und Informatik (HTI) - Berner Fachhochschule.

Jungfraujoch, world's highest grid-connected photovoltaic plant, courtesy HTI Burgdorf, PV Labor

Picture source/copyright:
PV-Labor der Hochschule für Technik und Informatik - Berner Fachhochschule